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источник: Install Docker Engine on Ubuntu

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Категория: Программирование. Направление: Bash. Группа: Docker.
Добавлено: 07-03-2025. Обновлено: 30-08-2025
Ключи: #docker

Установка docker в ubuntu:

Install Docker Engine on Ubuntu >>

# Add Docker's official GPG key:
sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
sudo curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc

# Add the repository to Apt sources:
echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
  $(. /etc/os-release && echo "${UBUNTU_CODENAME:-$VERSION_CODENAME}") stable" | \
  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

sudo docker run hello-world

или

sudo gnome-terminal
# Add Docker's official GPG key:
apt-get update

apt-get install ca-certificates curl
install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc

# Add the repository to Apt sources:
echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
  $(. /etc/os-release && echo "${UBUNTU_CODENAME:-$VERSION_CODENAME}") stable" | \
  tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
apt-get update

apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

sudo docker run hello-world

Result:

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

Commands:

docker images # all installed images
docker start ubuntu # load and run image ubuntu:latest
docker ps # show runing containers
docker ps -a # show all containers
docker run -it ubuntu # run image ubuntu --interactive --terminal
exit # exit from ubuntu
docker run -d -it ubuntu # run image with detach
docker attach 87cb359fc211 # auuach to runing container
docker start 87cb359fc211 # start container
docker stop 87cb359fc211 # stop container

Exemple: run nginx

docker run -d -p8888:80 nginx
docker ps
CONTAINER_ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
9752c4b62a15 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 10 seconds ago Up 9 seconds 0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp, [::]:8888->80/tcp fervent_cohen 
docker attach 9752c4b62a15
# Ctrl+Q

Create docker file

./index.html

<h1>Hello World -- Docker Nginx</h1>

./Dockerfile

FROM nginx:latest
WORKDIR /user/share/nginx/html
COPY index.html .

docker build . -t nginx-hello-world

docker images
docker run -d -p9999:80 nginx-hello-world
# from local :9999 to :80 in container

docker ps
docker exec -it f384cccb1ee1 sh # run container with shell
docker start -ai f384cccb1ee1 # start with attach -a interact -i

Docker with python

Create dir app. Create in dir files Dockerfile, main.py

./app/Dockerfile

FROM python:alpine
WORKDIR /app_pjs
RUN pip install pymongo
COPY . .
CMD ["python", "src/main.py"]

./app/main.py

from pymongo import MongoClient
from pprint import pprint


MONGO_URL = "mongodb://mongo:27017"
client = MongoClient(MONGO_URL)
db = client.admin
dbs_list = db.command("listDatabases")
pprint(dbs_list)

Docker Compose

Move ./Dockerfile and ./src to dirrectory ./app

Create ./docker-compose.yml

version: '3'

services:
  app:
    build: ./app
  mongo:
    image: mongo

Run docker compose:

# docker-compose up
docker compose up

If you catch error like this:
WARNING: MongoDB 5.0+ requires a CPU with AVX support, and your current system does not appear to have that!

Try next in yaml file:

  mongo:
    image: mongo:4.4.18

and repeat docker compose up

Remove all stoped containers:

docker container prune

docker image prune # remove all images

# remove volumes containers images and network of this project
docker compose down -v --rmi all --remove-orphans

docker compose up # start yaml project
docker compose down # stop and remove containers

Rebuild

docker compose up -d --build

Logs

docker logs 168f5ac4de49 
# log of app container from docker compose
Ctrl + S : Update